Las nuevas fuentes de productividad en América Latina y la OCDE

Abstract

Along with the traditional factors of production such as capital, land and labor; new factors of productivity have emerged. Factors such as IT, the human capital, institutional-organizational practices and innovation have shown to follow the direction of Solow’s theory. Furthermore, these same factors that have contributed to productivity, also have been stated as generators of innovation processes in microeconomic and macroeconomic activities.

The purpose of this study was to verify how the co-innovative sources of IT, knowledge, institutions and innovation were explaining the productivity levels in Latin America. For this purpose in a macroeconomic context, the study used concepts from microeconomic models that have been verified in enterprise environments since the 2000's.

The results of the study on OECD countries showed a strong co-innovation with significant and positive coefficients growing over time; which showed positive contribution and impact on the findings about their levels of productivity. Meanwhile, during the three periods analyzed Latin America showed similar results on it´s coefficients, but with a weak co-innovation. Likewise, the study provided knowledge about new sources of productivity in Latin America, but they have less intensity than the OECD.

    The study concludes that Latin America showed lower levels of productivity and is currently transitioning towards the knowledge economy.